@Composable
fun MyComponent(
displayString: String
) {
Text(displayString)
}














Compare Declarative Frameworks





class MyComponent extends StatelessWidget {
final String displayString;
MyComponent({required this.displayString});
Widget build(BuildContext context) {
return Text(displayString);
}
}
<template>
<div>{{ displayString }}</div>
</template>
<script setup>
import { defineProps } from 'vue';
const props = defineProps({
displayString: String
});
</script>
@Composable
fun ConditionalComponent(condition: Boolean) {
if (condition) {
Text("Condition is true")
} else {
Text("Condition is false")
}
}
// Usage
ConditionalComponent(condition = true)
class ConditionalComponent extends StatelessWidget {
final bool condition;
ConditionalComponent({required this.condition});
Widget build(BuildContext context) {
if(condition) {
return Text("Condition is true");
} else {
return Text("Condition is false");
}
}
}
// Usage
ConditionalComponent(condition: true)
<template>
<p v-if="condition">Condition is true</p>
<p v-else>Condition is false</p>
</template>
<script setup>
import { defineProps } from 'vue';
const props = defineProps({
condition: Boolean
});
</script>
@Composable
fun Parent(data: String) {
IntermediateComponent(data = data)
}
@Composable
fun IntermediateComponent(data: String) {
ChildComponent(data = data)
}
@Composable
fun ChildComponent(data: String) {
Text("Received data: $data")
}
// Usage
Parent(data = "Some data")
class Parent extends StatelessWidget {
final String data;
Parent({required this.data});
Widget build(BuildContext context) {
return IntermediateComponent(data: data);
}
}
class IntermediateComponent extends StatelessWidget {
final String data;
IntermediateComponent({required this.data});
Widget build(BuildContext context) {
return ChildComponent(data: data);
}
}
class ChildComponent extends StatelessWidget {
final String data;
ChildComponent({required this.data});
Widget build(BuildContext context) {
return Text("Received data: $data");
}
}
// Usage
Parent(data: "Some data")
<template>
<intermediate-component :data="data" />
</template>
<script setup>
import { defineProps } from 'vue';
import IntermediateComponent from './IntermediateComponent.vue';
const props = defineProps({
data: String
});
</script>
@Composable
fun ClickableComponent() {
var clicked by remember { mutableStateOf(false) }
Button(onClick = { clicked = true }) {
Text(if (clicked) "Button clicked" else "Click me")
}
}
class ClickableComponent extends StatefulWidget {
_ClickableComponentState createState() => _ClickableComponentState();
}
class _ClickableComponentState extends State<ClickableComponent> {
bool clicked = false;
Widget build(BuildContext context) {
return RaisedButton(
onPressed: () => setState(() => clicked = true),
child: Text(clicked ? "Button clicked" : "Click me"),
);
}
}
<template>
<button @click="setClicked">
{{ clicked ? "Button clicked" : "Click me" }}
</button>
</template>
<script setup>
import { ref } from 'vue';
const clicked = ref(false);
function setClicked() {
clicked.value = true;
}
</script>
@Composable
fun TextInputComponent() {
var text by remember { mutableStateOf("") }
TextField(
value = text,
onValueChange = { newText -> text = newText },
label = { Text("Enter text") }
)
}
class TextInputComponent extends StatefulWidget {
const TextInputComponent({super.key});
State<TextInputComponent> createState() => _TextInputComponentState();
}
class _TextInputComponentState extends State<TextInputComponent> {
late final _controller = TextEditingController(text: "");
void dispose() {
_controller.dispose();
super.dispose();
}
Widget build(BuildContext context) {
return TextField(
controller: _controller,
decoration: const InputDecoration(labelText: "Enter text"),
);
}
}
<template>
<input
type="text"
v-model="text"
placeholder="Enter text"
/>
</template>
<script setup>
import { ref } from 'vue';
const text = ref('');
</script>
@Composable
fun ExampleComponent() {
Text("Hello, World!")
}
@Preview(showBackground = true)
@Composable
fun ExampleComponentPreview() {
ExampleComponent()
}
Additionally, you can also use Showkase, an open source library by Airbnb that allows you to view themes preview functions in an auto-generated component browser that can be viewed on an Android device.
Flutter doesn't have a built-in preview feature. You can, however, create a separate app or run your app in an emulator or on a device to view your components. Additionally, you can use the Flutter Studio web-based tool to create and preview Flutter widgets in a browser.
Vue.js doesn't have a built-in preview feature. However, you can use a tool like Storybook to create previews for your components in a separate development environment.
@Composable
fun ListComponent(items: List<String>) {
LazyColumn {
items(items) { item ->
Text(item)
}
}
}
// Usage
val items = listOf("Item 1", "Item 2", "Item 3")
ListComponent(items = items)
class ListComponent extends StatelessWidget {
final List<String> items;
ListComponent({required this.items});
Widget build(BuildContext context) {
return ListView.builder(
itemCount: items.length,
itemBuilder: (context, index) {
return ListTile(title: Text(items[index]));
},
);
}
}
// Usage
final items = ["Item 1", "Item 2", "Item 3"];
ListComponent(items: items)
<template>
<ul>
<li v-for="item in items" :key="item">
{{ item }}
</li>
</ul>
</template>
<script setup>
import { defineProps } from 'vue';
const props = defineProps({
items: Array
});
</script>
<!-- Usage -->
<list-component :items="['Item 1', 'Item 2', 'Item 3']"></list-component>
data class Person(val name: String, val age: Int, val id: String)
@Composable
fun ItemKeysExample(items: List<Person>) {
LazyColumn {
items(items, key = { person -> person.id }) { person ->
Text("Name: ${person.name}, Age: ${person.age}")
}
}
}
class Person {
final String name;
final int age;
final String id;
Person({required this.name, required this.age, required this.id});
}
class ItemKeysExample extends StatelessWidget {
final List<Person> items;
ItemKeysExample({required this.items});
Widget build(BuildContext context) {
return ListView.builder(
itemCount: items.length,
itemBuilder: (context, index) {
final person = items[index];
return ListTile(
key: Key(person.id),
title: Text('Name: ${person.name}, Age: ${person.age}'),
);
},
);
}
}
// Usage
ItemKeysExample(items: [Person(name: 'John', age: 30, id: '1'), Person(name: 'Jane', age: 28, id: '2'), Person(name: 'Bob', age: 25, id: '3')])
<template>
<ul>
<li v-for="person in items" :key="person.id">
Name: {{ person.name }}, Age: {{ person.age }}
</li>
</ul>
</template>
<script setup>
import { defineProps } from 'vue';
const props = defineProps({
items: Array
});
</script>
<!-- Usage -->
<item-keys-example
:items="[
{ name: 'John', age: 30, id: '1' },
{ name: 'Jane', age: 28, id: '2' },
{ name: 'Bob', age: 25, id: '3' }
]"
></item-keys-example>
@Composable
fun Parent(
header: @Composable () -> Unit,
content: @Composable () -> Unit
) {
Column {
header()
content()
}
}
// Usage
Parent(
header = { Text("Header") },
content = { Child() }
)
@Composable
fun Child() {
Text("Child Content")
}
class Parent extends StatelessWidget {
final Widget header;
final Widget content;
Parent({required this.header, required this.content});
Widget build(BuildContext context) {
return Column(
children: [
header,
content,
],
);
}
}
// Usage
Parent(
header: Text("Header"),
content: Child(),
)
class Child extends StatelessWidget {
Widget build(BuildContext context) {
return Text("Child Content");
}
}
// ParentComponent.vue
<template>
<div>
<slot name="header"></slot>
<slot name="content"></slot>
</div>
</template>
// ChildComponent.vue
<template>
<p>Child Content</p>
</template>
// Usage
<parent-component>
<template v-slot:header>
<h1>Header</h1>
</template>
<template v-slot:content>
<child />
</template>
</parent-component>
@Composable
fun ModifiersExample() {
Text(
"Hello, World!",
modifier = Modifier
.padding(16.dp)
.background(Color.Blue)
)
}
In Flutter, you can wrap widgets with other widgets to achieve similar effects.
class ModifiersExample extends StatelessWidget {
Widget build(BuildContext context) {
return Container(
padding: EdgeInsets.all(16.0),
color: Colors.blue,
child: Text('Hello, World!', style: TextStyle(color: Colors.white)),
);
}
}
Vue.js doesn't have a direct analog to modifiers in Jetpack Compose or SwiftUI. Instead, you can use inline styles or CSS classes.
<template>
<div :style="style">Hello, World!</div>
</template>
<script setup>
import { reactive } from 'vue';
const style = reactive({
padding: '16px',
backgroundColor: 'blue',
color: 'white'
});
</script>
@Composable
fun Counter() {
var count by remember { mutableStateOf(0) }
Button(onClick = { count = count + 1 }) {
Text("Count: $count")
}
}
class Counter extends StatefulWidget {
_CounterState createState() => _CounterState();
}
class _CounterState extends State<Counter> {
int count = 0;
Widget build(BuildContext context) {
return RaisedButton(
onPressed: () => setState(() => count += 1),
child: Text("Count: $count"),
);
}
}
<template>
<button @click="incrementCount">
Count: {{ count }}
</button>
</template>
<script setup>
import { ref } from 'vue';
const count = ref(0);
function incrementCount() {
count.value++;
}
</script>
val CustomLocal = compositionLocalOf<String> { "Default data" }
@Composable
fun Parent(data: String) {
CompositionLocalProvider(CustomLocal provides data) {
Intermediate()
}
}
@Composable
fun Intermediate() {
Child()
}
@Composable
fun Child() {
val data = CustomLocal.current
Text("Received data: $data")
}
// Usage
Parent(data = "Some data")
class CustomInheritedWidget extends InheritedWidget {
final String data;
CustomInheritedWidget({required this.data, required Widget child})
: super(child: child);
bool updateShouldNotify(CustomInheritedWidget oldWidget) {
return oldWidget.data != data;
}
static CustomInheritedWidget of(BuildContext context) {
return context.dependOnInheritedWidgetOfExactType<CustomInheritedWidget>()!;
}
}
class Parent extends StatelessWidget {
final String data;
Parent({required this.data});
Widget build(BuildContext context) {
return CustomInheritedWidget(
data: data,
child: Intermediate(),
);
}
}
class Intermediate extends StatelessWidget {
Widget build(BuildContext context) {
return Child();
}
}
class Child extends StatelessWidget {
Widget build(BuildContext context) {
final data = CustomInheritedWidget.of(context).data;
return Text("Received data: $data");
}
}
// Usage
Parent(data: "Some data")
<!-- ParentComponent.vue -->
<template>
<intermediate />
</template>
<script setup>
import { provide, ref } from 'vue';
import Intermediate from './IntermediateComponent.vue';
const data = ref('Some data');
provide('dataKey', data);
</script>
<!-- IntermediateComponent.vue -->
<template>
<child />
</template>
<script setup>
import Child from './ChildComponent.vue';
</script>
<!-- ChildComponent.vue -->
<template>
<p>Received data: {{ data }}</p>
</template>
<script setup>
import { inject } from 'vue';
const data = inject('dataKey');
</script>
<!-- Usage -->
<parent-component data="Some data"></parent-component>
@Composable
fun SideEffectOnLoadComponent() {
LaunchedEffect(Unit) {
// Perform side effect, e.g. fetch data, update external data source
}
// Other UI components
Text("Hello, World!")
}
class SideEffectOnLoadComponent extends StatefulWidget {
_SideEffectOnLoadComponentState createState() => _SideEffectOnLoadComponentState();
}
class _SideEffectOnLoadComponentState extends State<SideEffectOnLoadComponent> {
void initState() {
super.initState();
// Perform side effect, e.g. fetch data, update external data source
}
Widget build(BuildContext context) {
// Other UI components
return Container();
}
}
<template>
<div></div>
</template>
<script setup>
import { onMounted } from 'vue';
onMounted(() => {
// Perform side effect here
});
</script>
Frequently Asked Questions About Jetpack Compose vs Flutter vs Vue.js
Which is better for beginners, Jetpack Compose or Flutter or Vue.js?
Let's analyze the learning curve and requirements for each framework in 2025:
Vue.js (5/5)
Vue.js is highly beginner-friendly with its progressive learning curve and clear documentation. Its template syntax feels natural to HTML developers, while the Composition API offers a powerful way to organize complex logic. The framework provides official solutions for common needs, reducing decision fatigue.
Learning Path:
- Learn Vue template syntax and directives
- Understand component system
- Master Composition API
- Learn Vue Router and state management
- Practice Vue best practices and patterns
Key Prerequisites:
- HTML/CSS
- JavaScript basics
- npm/yarn
Time to Productivity: 1-2 months for web developers, 2-3 months for beginners
Jetpack Compose (3/5)
Jetpack Compose has a moderate learning curve that requires understanding of Kotlin and Android fundamentals. Its functional programming approach and declarative syntax can be challenging for developers coming from imperative XML layouts, but the excellent tooling and preview system make the learning process smoother.
Learning Path:
- Learn Kotlin fundamentals (especially lambdas and higher-order functions)
- Understand Android Activity/Fragment lifecycle
- Master Compose basics (composables, state, side effects)
- Learn Material Design components and theming
- Practice state management and composition patterns
Key Prerequisites:
- Kotlin
- Android basics
- Gradle build system
Time to Productivity: 2-3 months for Android developers, 4-6 months for beginners
Flutter (3/5)
Flutter requires learning Dart, which may be unfamiliar to many developers. However, its comprehensive documentation, hot reload feature, and widget-based architecture make the learning process systematic. The consistent behavior across platforms reduces platform-specific complexity.
Learning Path:
- Learn Dart programming language
- Understand Flutter widget system
- Master state management approaches
- Learn platform integration techniques
- Practice responsive design patterns
Key Prerequisites:
- Dart
- Basic programming concepts
- Mobile UI principles
Time to Productivity: 3-4 months for mobile developers, 4-6 months for beginners
Recommendation
Based on the analysis, Vue.js offers the most approachable learning curve. However, your choice should depend on:
- Your existing programming background (Kotlin, Dart, HTML/CSS)
- Target platform requirements (Android, Cross-platform, Cross-platform)
- Available learning time (1-2 months for web developers, 2-3 months for beginners for Vue.js)
- Long-term career goals in mobile/web development
How does the performance of Jetpack Compose compare to Flutter in real-world applications?
Let's analyze the real-world performance characteristics of Jetpack Compose and Flutter based on benchmarks and practical experience:
Jetpack Compose Performance Profile
Strengths
-
✓ Efficient recomposition system
Uses smart recomposition that only updates components when their inputs change, reducing unnecessary UI updates.
-
✓ Optimized rendering pipeline
Compose leverages Android's rendering pipeline to optimize performance for animations and transitions.
-
✓ Memory efficiency
Compose's compiler plugin optimizes memory allocation by reusing existing objects and reducing unnecessary allocations during UI updates.
Areas for Optimization
-
! Initial release overhead
First-time compilation and initial app startup time can be slower compared to XML layouts. You can address this by leveraging Baseline Profile.
-
! Complex state management impact
Improper state management can trigger unnecessary recompositions, affecting performance.
Flutter Performance Profile
Strengths
-
✓ Custom rendering engine
Skia rendering engine provides consistent performance across platforms without relying on native components.
-
✓ Widget tree optimization
Efficient widget rebuilding system that minimizes the impact of UI updates.
-
✓ JIT/AOT compilation
Supports both Just-in-Time compilation for development and Ahead-of-Time compilation for release builds.
Areas for Optimization
-
! Initial app size
Larger app size due to bundled runtime and engine components.
-
! Complex screen jank
Can experience frame drops on screens with complex animations or heavy computation.
Performance Optimization Tips
Jetpack Compose
- Use remember() and derivedStateOf() to minimize recompositions
- Implement proper key() usage in lists for efficient updates
- Leverage Compose's built-in lazy loading components
- Profile with Android Studio's Layout Inspector and Performance tools
Flutter
- Use const constructors for static widgets
- Implement proper keys in lists for efficient updates
- Leverage Flutter's built-in performance overlay
- Profile with DevTools to identify performance bottlenecks
What are the key architectural differences between Jetpack Compose and Flutter and Vue.js?
Here are the key differences between Jetpack Compose and Flutter and Vue.js:
Feature | Jetpack Compose | Flutter | Vue.js |
---|---|---|---|
Paradigm | Declarative UI toolkit with a functional programming approach | Declarative UI toolkit with a widget-based approach | Progressive JavaScript framework with a template-based approach |
Target Platform | Android (with experimental desktop support) | Cross-platform (iOS, Android, web, desktop) | Web primarily |
Language | Kotlin | Dart | JavaScript/TypeScript |
Component Model | Composable functions | Widget classes (stateless and stateful) | Single-file components with template, script, and style sections |
State Management | State hoisting with remember and mutableStateOf | StatefulWidget with setState, or state management packages | Reactive data with Composition API or Options API |
Ecosystem | Integrated with Android ecosystem and Kotlin coroutines | Google-backed with a growing ecosystem of packages | Growing ecosystem with official libraries for routing and state |
The choice between these frameworks often depends on your target platform, existing expertise, and specific project requirements. Jetpack Compose and Flutter and Vue.js each have their strengths in different contexts.
What are the job market trends for Jetpack Compose vs Flutter vs Vue.js in 2025?
If you're considering a career move in 2025, here's how these frameworks compare in terms of job prospects:
Jetpack Compose
- Current Demand: Growing rapidly as more Android apps transition from XML layouts
- Growth Trajectory: Strong upward trend as Google pushes it as the future of Android UI
- Notable Companies: Google, Twitter, Square, Airbnb
Flutter
- Current Demand: High demand for cross-platform development skills
- Growth Trajectory: One of the fastest-growing mobile frameworks
- Notable Companies: Google, Alibaba, BMW, eBay
Vue.js
- Current Demand: Solid demand, particularly in certain markets like Asia
- Growth Trajectory: Steady growth with strong community support
- Notable Companies: Alibaba, GitLab, Grammarly, Nintendo
Flutter offers the advantage of cross-platform skills, while native frameworks like Jetpack Compose may provide deeper platform integration. Many companies value developers who can work in both worlds.
Can Jetpack Compose and Flutter and Vue.js be used together in the same project?
Understanding how Jetpack Compose and Flutter and Vue.js can work together:
Jetpack Compose + Flutter
Jetpack Compose can be integrated with Flutter through platform channels, allowing you to use native Android functionality within a Flutter app.
Jetpack Compose + Vue.js
There's no direct integration between Vue.js and Jetpack Compose as they target different platforms. You would typically build separate apps for web and Android.
Flutter + Vue.js
Flutter is for mobile/desktop apps while Vue.js is for web. They can be used together as part of a larger product ecosystem but not within the same application.
Using multiple frameworks: While it's technically possible to use Jetpack Compose, Flutter, Vue.js in a single project ecosystem, this adds complexity. It's generally better to choose the right tool for each platform and maintain consistency within that platform.
Web + Mobile Strategy: A common approach is to use Vue.js for your web application, while using Jetpack Compose or Flutter for mobile apps. You can share business logic and API calls between them, but the UI layer would be implemented separately for each platform.
Is Flutter better than Jetpack Compose for app development?
The choice between Flutter and Jetpack Compose depends on your project requirements:
Aspect | Flutter | Jetpack Compose |
---|---|---|
Platform Support | iOS, Android, Web, Windows, macOS, Linux | Android (with experimental desktop support) |
Native Integration | Good via platform channels, but not direct | Excellent native platform integration |
Performance | Very good with custom rendering engine | Excellent on target platform |
Development Speed | Fast with hot reload and single codebase | Fast for its target platform |
UI Consistency | Same UI across all platforms | Platform-specific UI with native feel |
Choose Flutter if:
- You need to support multiple platforms with one codebase
- UI consistency across platforms is more important than native platform feel
- You want to reduce development and maintenance costs
- Your team can focus on learning one technology stack (Dart)
Choose Jetpack Compose if:
- You're only targeting Android platforms
- Deep platform integration is critical for your app
- You want the most native feel and performance
- Your team already has expertise in Kotlin
Many companies use both approaches: Flutter for cross-platform features and Jetpack Compose for platform-specific features that require deeper integration.
Why does Flutter use Dart instead of a more common language?
Flutter's choice of Dart as its programming language offers several technical advantages:
- Just-in-Time (JIT) compilation during development enables hot reload, allowing for quick iteration
- Ahead-of-Time (AOT) compilation for releases creates high-performance native code
- Non-blocking asynchronous programming through async/await and Future objects
- Sound null safety helps eliminate null reference errors
- Fast garbage collection optimized for UI construction patterns
- Object-oriented with mixins for reusable code
While languages like JavaScript or Kotlin might have larger communities, Dart was specifically optimized for Flutter's needs in building reactive UIs and achieving native performance. Google has invested heavily in making Dart an excellent language for UI development.
Despite being less common, Dart is easy to learn for developers familiar with Java, JavaScript, or C#, with most developers becoming productive within a few weeks.
How does Jetpack Compose compare to traditional Android XML layouts?
Jetpack Compose represents a significant shift from traditional Android XML layouts:
Traditional XML Layouts
- Declarative XML with imperative Java/Kotlin manipulation
- View hierarchy with expensive findViewById() calls
- Complex layouts like ConstraintLayout for performance
- Separate files for layouts, styles, and logic
- Many boilerplate adapters and view holders
- Slow layout inflation process
Jetpack Compose
- Fully declarative Kotlin code for UI
- No view hierarchy or findViewById()
- Layout composables handle optimization automatically
- UI, styling, and logic in one place
- Simple list creation with LazyColumn/LazyRow
- No layout inflation, faster rendering
Compose brings significant advantages in:
- Code reduction: Much less boilerplate code compared to XML
- State management: Built-in state handling with react-like patterns
- Preview: @Preview annotation for seeing UI changes without deploying
- Animation: Simplified animations with type-safe builders
- Testing: Better testability without complex UI testing setups
Migration can be gradual - Compose can be adopted incrementally within existing XML-based apps through the ComposeView component.